Tiller's develop in Chongqing and China

China's agricultural machinery production is gradually bottom out, showing a rapid growth. China Agricultural Machinery Industry Association, according to a Statistics show that since 2002, China's agricultural production out of the downward trend, beginning the rapid growth of the year industrial output value 63.48 billion yuan, up 14.6%. The first quarter of this year, achieved 17.04 billion yuan industrial output value of farm machinery, an increase of up to 25.84%. SARS epidemic, natural disasters and rising steel prices and other factors, to the end of the second quarter and third quarter, agricultural machinery industry total output value was 38.09 billion yuan and 56.18 billion yuan, down year on year growth to 21 .9% and 17%, but still maintain a good momentum of development.
China Agricultural Machinery Distribution Association Vice President Wang Guangning, said China's agricultural machinery industry revitalized thanks to the first national burdens around the farmers, income, increase financial investment and loans in areas such as development of new policies, everything possible to increase farmers income, which for the agricultural machinery market provided a guarantee; Second, with the depth adjustment of agricultural structure, the continuous development of agricultural industry, farmers growing grain was improved, on the growing demand in agricultural products; Third, foreign investment in China's agricultural machinery industry has injected new vitality to the production ; Fourth, China's large enterprises through the reform of agricultural trade, and gradually out of the woods, to better meet the needs of the market.
 According to the National Bureau of Statistics, at present, China's industrial enterprises above designated size agricultural machinery has been developed for the 1470, which the state-owned and state holding enterprises 487, 916 private enterprises, 67 foreign-funded enterprises, belonging to tractors and accessories, mechanized farm tools and gardening machinery, agricultural processing and special equipment, special equipment feed production, animal husbandry machinery, fishing machinery, farming machinery parts fisheries and other industries. Yulin City in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Yuchai Machinery Co., Ltd. is the largest engine production base in 1-July sales of diesel engines 107 000 units total. In recent years, Yuchai began to develop agricultural machinery and automotive power products power products on the equally important strategic position.
Yuchai Machinery Co., Ltd. Deputy General Manager Yang Jianjun agricultural power in the recently held conference, product launches, Yuchai into the agricultural market, although only two short years ago, but has developed very quickly this year has sold 6,000 units. "With reliable quality, advanced technology and high quality service, Yuchai in the agricultural market is huge room for development."
China's agricultural machinery industry enterprises in efforts to expand the domestic market, but also continue to explore the international market, exports showed strong growth. China Machinery Association Information Center statistics show that 1 to 9 this year, month, China's import and export of agricultural products amounted to 1.44 billion U.S. dollars, up 80.5%, of which exports 744 million U.S. dollars, up 79.3 %, the main products exported tractors, tractor, agricultural products processing machinery, harvesting machines and vehicles, etc..

 

 

Tillers, also known as mini cultivator, management machine, micro-farming machine, according to JB/T10266.1-2001 "tillers technical conditions" requirement, where the power is not greater than 7.5kW, with the drive axle can be driven directly work rotating parts (such as Rotary), mainly for water, dry land, agriculture, rural management and facilities, hard work-based machines, can be called the tiller (or tillers, rotary tillers, management, etc.) . Domestic small-scale multi-functional micro-farming machine to use more 2.20-5.88kW auxiliary diesel or gasoline engine power, drive and walk by an independent system, a host can be equipped with a variety of farm machinery. Able to complete small-scale tillage land, planting, ditching, ridge, cultivator weeding, fertilizing, and spraying and many other earth work can also be used short-distance transport, to meet the current rural small-scale mechanization requirements.

First, the development of foreign micro-farming machine status

Foreign small-scale micro-farming machinery developed earlier, the key to Japan, Korea, Italy, France and the United States as the representative of products, supporting dynamic service for the 1.47-5.88kW gasoline or diesel engines, commonly used 2.2-5.1kW power. Products to European countries, mainly horticultural operations, the main function of a rotary tiller, lawn, Snow Plowing, crush, short-distance transportation, while the Asian countries, mainly the product Zeyi agricultural operations, such as Japan, Korea and Taiwan products . Japanese models both drought and civilian, can be plowing, rotary, ridge, laying, trenching, planting and paddy field formation; South Korea and Taiwan models Zeyi dry land (orchard, vegetable plot, greenhouse and other small plot of land) operating the main distinctive feature of South Korean models embodied in the multi-functional aspect, the typical model for the Asian multi-function management machine. The machine can not only be tillage, the planting, ditching, ridge, laying, cultivator weeding, fertilizing earth, pumping, spraying, and short-distance transport operations, it can also be crushed, rice and wheat harvest, roots harvested more than 20 key operation.

The European model of engine power output shaft over backwards, through a pair of bevel gear with the wheel (tool) axis gear box connection, and through the shaft-driven lawn mowers, shredders and other gardening Snow Plowing Machine and equipment, then turn handrail to the engine front, the advantage of compact machine, but the driver when the transmission of some agricultural machinery is not easy, bad arrangement of working parts installation location. Japan, Korea and Taiwan models axial side of the layout of the engine output by two tape and round (knife) axis gear box connection, and using tape or chain drive a variety of operating machinery. Taiwan's relatively simple model structure, the appearance of product than Japan and South Korea there are some differences. Asian 3.7kW models above rotating operation deep in the dry mix when the multi-use knife, this knife is characterized by loose soil properties, soil depth rotation, against a stone or hard object to avoid, will not damage the tool. But the disadvantage of breaking the performance of one little worse (in a certain speed and forward speed of breaking the performance requirements before they can reach), and second, power consumption is high, small power tool models should not use this type.

Most of the foreign model has the following main features: small, flexible, beautiful appearance, easy operation (operating handle can rotate and can adjust to the high and low); with low emissions of small gasoline or diesel powered; be convenient, simple, replacement parts quickly and multiple working to complete several jobs.

Second, the domestic development stage rotary tillers

1, the initial stage

China started early on the development of micro-farming machines, but not formed products for many reasons, not until the 20th century, 80s and mid 90s, with the development of the land contract responsibility system, improve the income of farmers and our small diesel and gasoline engines mature, etc., our multi-functional development of micro-farming machine to start. During this period, largely modeled on the foreign products, but because of material, heat treatment, and the gap between foreign countries, so the beginning part of the gear box and tool there are more problems, micro-farming machine work is not a long time, gear box on a serious fever, leakage or gear damage, as well as rotating knives not be buried, and so easy to break the blade failure.

2, stage of development

90 mid 20th century to 2001, with the restructuring of rural plant, factory facilities, the rapid development of agriculture, economics and crop acreage increased income of farmers continue to improve, I function with a large rotary tillers development. This stage, in addition to a number of agricultural machinery plant and agricultural research, some of the engine plant, tractor factory, machine factory, forestry machinery factory, auto parts factory and the motorcycle factory also have set foot in micro-farming machine industry. It is estimated that production in 2000 in Chongqing city alone micro-enterprises farming machines more than 30, the end of 2001 the national production of micro-machine factory farming more than 100. According to their characteristics of many manufacturers to develop and produce different types of micro-farming machines, and some planting of crops according to local characteristics to the micro-tillage machine to increase the number of new features, such as developing a number of supporting equipment, etc. for intercropping.

During this period, several joint ventures or wholly foreign-owned manufacturer of rotary tillers established in China, but also greatly promote the farming of our micro-machine industry. The companies of the Micro-farming machine products, in addition to outstanding farmers outside the dominant models priced at 6,000 yuan / sets.

3, mature stage

Since 2002, about five years, China's Micro-farming machine should be in a mature stage. Type and quality will be basically stable, the number of manufacturers will also be stabilized.

Domestic manufacturers to produce products from the area of rotary tillers can be divided into North and South-type type. South model structure to refer to the main models in Europe, in the same way in the rotary tool draws on the characteristics of Japanese products, mainly the early work of Paddy, and gradually developed into a drought altogether. Model for the Chongqing, Guangxi and Hubei Factorys and other micro-Hop Shing farming machine products. Models with reference to the North Korea and Taiwan of China's model, which represents the model with Shandong series of multi-pastoral production management unit, Beijing and more profitable company in the DWG Series micro-farming machine.

Points from the performance and functionality are also two types: one is functional (at power less than 3.7kW, ancillary equipment less), the operation is not convenient enough (hand can not be adjusted without turning the clutch, forward and backward small gear, etc.) model, called Simple Micro-farming machine, because of its low price (host priced below 3,000 yuan / unit), and sales gradually increased; another model features more (can be equipped with machines and more), the use of reliable high, easy to operate, to be called the standard micro-farming (the host is priced at 4000-7000 yuan / unit).

Priced below 3,000 yuan / Taiwan Micro-farming machine equipped with water-cooled diesel engine and more, 3.7kW more than gasoline with air-cooled diesel engine or. Air-cooled engine looks beautiful (the body of aluminum die-casting), rope (with recovery device) to start, but the quality of fuel and higher maintenance requirements; water-cooled engine appearance and was slightly rough crank start, but relatively low failure rate. Diesel power strong, the economy, gasoline engine emissions than suitable for shed jobs.

Third, the development of China micro-farming to machine problems

1, small-scale, high cost

China's current production of many manufacturers of rotary tillers, but the total market is not large at this stage, it is estimated that the 2001 National Micro-farming machine total sales of 20,000 units, which average annual sales per manufacturer less than 200 units but also the largest 2,000, only a few dozens. In this case, on the one hand companies do not benefit, but on the other hand, farmers also considered the price too high rotary tillers.

2, "three" low level

As more manufacturers, reference models are, and we have their own way, so "three" very low level. The October 1, 2001 implemented the "mini-tiller technical conditions" is only made in the performance parameters of some provisions of the specific structure and products "three" is not specific requirements.

3, using a low level and high maintenance costs

Improper use of a mechanical failure caused an important factor. One for the owner to reduce costs, often do not use the label provided the fuel, coupled with really poor fuel quality in some areas (or even the use of local illicit small refinery fuel), so the engine always fail.

The second is long work overload, poor working environment. Such as in Shandong Shouguang, users want to buy micro-farming machines are basically service-oriented farming a shed for cooking (about 0.07 ha) is about 1.5h, with an income of 50, the day count by operating 8h can get 260 yuan about compensation. Machine main for economic benefits, even 10h a day's work for more than two months of total revenue up to 5000-6000 yuan, basically to recover the cost of buying the machine, but this time the machine started or have a problem. As long continuous heavy load operation, and because shed poor environment, high temperature, dust, engine filter plugging (heightening filter can reduce the blockage) and so on, causing serious engine heating, piston rings and cylinder rapid wear; time overload operation also resulted in a serious fever knife shaft gear box, and problems, such as gear wear, bearing failures. Another factor causing the engine heat, is that some engines (including some imported products) position of the muffler set unreasonable. The silencer arrangement on one side of the engine close to the cylinder block, cylinder heat not only affects, but also for heating, which in intermittent or short-term work is not obvious, if continued long heavy load operation, the problem is highlighted.

In addition, air-cooled diesel and gasoline engines (including imports) is not liner, once the "cylinder" and other issues, we must replace the entire cylinder, when the fees plus maintenance workers, users have to spend 700-800 dollars. Some manufacturers repair of such machines, the first cylinder boring, plus liner (use the existing alternatives, such as the appropriate choice of a car engine cylinder liner, etc.) in order to reduce costs. Water-cooled engine is relatively low cost to much, not only to a small fault (not easy to heat), even if another cylinder also tens of dollars.

Fourth, the development trend of micro-farming machine

1, multifunction

Continue supporting the new equipment, add new features, improved agricultural functions in the basis, and gradually to the urban landscape, horticulture extension areas, such as supporting grass, Snow Plowing, with other branches mill. At present, Shandong Huaxing Machinery Group is working with the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences oriented to develop its production models TG4 type matching a variety of gardening equipment.

2, the engine of choice adaptable

Low noise, low emissions, powerful and adaptable engine will be more be applied.

3, the operation more simple

Exercises to handle, forward and backward speed of adjustment is more convenient

4, replacement of parts quickly

In order to reduce the operator's labor intensity and economical replacement of compensation time with the farm machinery, farming machines and ancillary equipment micro-mount with quick hitch, replace them implements a simple and fast.

China is a large agricultural country, but also represent a significant area of hilly and mountainous areas, land is small, hilly, small machines suitable for use; In addition, family-oriented scale, need small equipment; with the further adjustment of agricultural planting structure, field gradually reduce the crop size, economic crops planting area increased, especially in the rapid development of greenhouses, have decided that China's multi-functional micro-farming machine potential market is huge. If 1% of China's farmers each year to purchase micro-farming machine, demand will more than 1 million units; if 10% of households have a micro-farming machine, holdings will be more than 10 million units.

Market launch, the key is to improve farmers income. Farmers now buy micro-farming machine primarily as a means of income generation, not just a tool to reduce labor intensity. For the time being, although the income of peasants increased to a certain extent than before, but still not yet reached the level of the Quick Start market, manufacturers must have enough patience and confidence, earnestly carry out market research, and actively cultivate the market. According to industry experts speculated that, in 2009, China's annual output of rotary tillers up to 50 000 -80 000 millions.